[ʒɑ̃batist də lyˈli] (1632 – 1687)
A Florentine-born French composer, he spent most of his life working in the court of Louis XIV (1638-1643-1715) of France.
He entered the French court as a page and tutor. Soon he became a composer, and then Superintendent of the King's Chamber Music, with responsibilities including direction of the King's prestigious string ensemble, the “24 violons du Roi”.
He is considered the chief master of the French baroque style. Lully disavowed any Italian influence in French music of the period. “As the sole composer of French opera for 15 years, he created a national style.
“His operas and opera-ballets were performed all over Europe, and inspired later composers such as Rameau and Gluck. Publication of his instrumental overtures and dance suite genre used by Bach and Handel.”
Le Roi danse / The King Is Dancing
A superb French movie (with English subtitles) that portrayed the life of Lully, an Italian-born French composer working in the court of King Louis XIV of France, the 'Sun King' who loved dancing.
His Majesty put on high heels, as he was shorter than the average.
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Jean-Baptiste is a male French name, originating with Saint John the Baptist.
* Fanfare pour le Carrousel Royal / Fanfare for the Royal Musical
* La Marche des Combattants / The March of Combatants
* Marche pour la cérémonie des Turcs / March for the Turkish Ceremony
Lully composed many ballets for the King, in which the King and Lully himself danced.
* Ballet de la nuit - a court ballet of the night (might last 12 hours, from sunset to sunrise)
* L'Idylle sur la Paix / idyll (short pastoral poem) on peace
* Ballet des Arts / Ballet Arts - 36 court ballets
He also had tremendous success composing the music for the comedies of Molière, including
* Le bourgeois gentilhomme / The Bourgeois Gentleman.
When Lully was conducting a Te Deum ('Thee, O God'), he was beating time by banging a long staff against the floor, and struck his toe, creating an abscess. The wound turned gangrenous, but Lully refused to have his toe amputated and the gangrene spread, resulting in his death on 22 March.
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* Dieu sauve le roi - Hymne de la monarchie française / God save the King (!!)
Although its origins remain controversial, it seems that was composed in 1686 by the Duchess of Brinon for the healing of Louis XIV, and inspired the words "Domine, salvum fac Regem" Te Deum. Subsequently, it was used by Lully and Handel, the orchestra into a royal anthem adopted by several European monarchies.
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"About 2.8 million French, 15% of the population, starved to death between 1693 and 1694."
A superb French movie (with English subtitles) that portrayed the life of Lully, an Italian-born French composer working in the court of King Louis XIV of France, the 'Sun King' who loved dancing.
His Majesty put on high heels, as he was shorter than the average.
Jean-Baptiste is a male French name, originating with Saint John the Baptist.
* Fanfare pour le Carrousel Royal / Fanfare for the Royal Musical
* La Marche des Combattants / The March of Combatants
* Marche pour la cérémonie des Turcs / March for the Turkish Ceremony
* Ballet de la nuit - a court ballet of the night (might last 12 hours, from sunset to sunrise)
* L'Idylle sur la Paix / idyll (short pastoral poem) on peace
* Ballet des Arts / Ballet Arts - 36 court ballets
He also had tremendous success composing the music for the comedies of Molière, including
* Le bourgeois gentilhomme / The Bourgeois Gentleman.
“This work came out of a renewed interest in Turkish culture in France, following a rare visit to the French court by the Turkish envoy.”
He and Molière together created 14 comédie-ballet (half play, half ballet).
He and Molière together created 14 comédie-ballet (half play, half ballet).
Louis XIV's interest in ballet waned as he aged, and his dancing ability declined (largely because of excessive weight gain) and so Lully pursued opera (tragedies in music) - 16 tragédies-lyriques, with librettist Quinault:
* Isis - Ç'est lui dont les dieux ont fait choix / It is He whom the Gods have chosen
* Thésée
* Phaëton
* Armide (During the First Crusade, sorceress Armide falls in love with her sworn enemy Renaud.) “This work was an immediate success and became a staple of the French repertoire.”
* Isis - Ç'est lui dont les dieux ont fait choix / It is He whom the Gods have chosen
* Thésée
* Phaëton
* Armide (During the First Crusade, sorceress Armide falls in love with her sworn enemy Renaud.) “This work was an immediate success and became a staple of the French repertoire.”
Alceste opera, 1674
“Most of his operas included prologues that glorified the Sun King or the concept of kingship. Supernatural plots gave scope for lavish and ingenious stage effects.”
He bought the privilege for opera and created a new privilege which essentially gave him complete control of all music performed in France until his death in 1687.When Lully was conducting a Te Deum ('Thee, O God'), he was beating time by banging a long staff against the floor, and struck his toe, creating an abscess. The wound turned gangrenous, but Lully refused to have his toe amputated and the gangrene spread, resulting in his death on 22 March.
= = = = =
* Dieu sauve le roi - Hymne de la monarchie française / God save the King (!!)
Although its origins remain controversial, it seems that was composed in 1686 by the Duchess of Brinon for the healing of Louis XIV, and inspired the words "Domine, salvum fac Regem" Te Deum. Subsequently, it was used by Lully and Handel, the orchestra into a royal anthem adopted by several European monarchies.
--- Wikipedia
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"About 2.8 million French, 15% of the population, starved to death between 1693 and 1694."
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