Peter Paul Rubens
(1577–1640, Flemish Baroque)
Self-portraits
(L) oil on panel (86 x 62 cm) 1623 - Royal Collection (British royal family)
(L) oil on panel (86 x 62 cm) 1623 - Royal Collection (British royal family)
(R) oil on panel (64 x 48 cm) 1630 - Rubenshuis (Antwerp)
(L) Statue of Peter Paul Rubens
(R) The Cathedral of Our Lady - Roman Catholic cathedral (Antwerp)
Mythological
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| The Four Continents (aka Four Rivers of Paradise) - Rubens - oil on canvas (209 x 284 cm) c.1615 - Kunsthistorisches Museum (Vienna) |
* (LEFT) Europe; the Danube holds a rudder, leading the World.
* (MIDDLE) The Black Goddess of Africa; God of the Nile in rice crown.
* (RIGHT) The Goddess of Asia; the tigress, protecting the cubs from the crocodile, is used as a symbol of Asia; the Ganges.
* (BEHIND) The Goddess of America; the God of Amazon (Rio de la Plata) in pepper crown.
The bottom part of the painting shows several putti.
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- Rubens
- oil on canvas (224 × 210 cm) c.1618
- Alte Pinakothek (Munich)
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| Castor and Pollux seizing the daughters of Leucippus - Roman sarcophagus (111 x 218 x 105 cm) c.160 - Walters Art Museum (Baltimore) |
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| The Judgment of Paris - Rubens - oil on panel (145 x 194 cm) c.1636 - National Gallery (London) |
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| The Judgment of Paris - Rubens - oil on canvas (199 × 379 cm) 1638-39 - Museo del Prado (Madrid) |
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| The Battle of the Amazons - Rubens & Anthony van Dyck - oil on wood (121 × 166 cm) c.1615 - Alte Pinakothek (Munich) |
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| Allegory of hearing (Part of The Five Senses in Five Paintings) - Jan Brueghel the Elder & Rubens - oil on panel (64 x 110 cm) 1617-18 - Museo del Prado (Madrid) |
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| The Head of Medusa - Rubens (1577–1640, Flemish) - oil (68 × 118 cm) c.1618 - Kunsthistorisches Museum (Vienna) |
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- Rubens - oil on canvas (183 x 87 cm) 1636-38 - Museo del Prado (Madrid) |
Greek mythology: Titan (Greek) / Saturn (Roman) / 農神, fearing that he would be overthrown by one of his sons, ate each one upon their birth.
Rubens' father was a Protestant whilst his mother a Catholic. The North Netherlands (supported by Britain) was Protestant whilst the South Netherlands (governed by Spain) Catholic.
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| The Union of Earth and Water - Rubens - oil on canvas (223 × 181 cm) c.1618 - Hermitage Museum (Saint Petersburg) |
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| Peace and War - Rubens - oil on canvas (204 × 298 cm) 1629-30 - National Gallery (London) |
He produced it in London, during a diplomatic mission from the Spanish Netherlands to Charles I of England. The painter's mission was to get Spain and England on friendly terms. Later, Rubens was knighted by both countries.
The Marie de' Medici Cycle
"In 1621, the Queen Mother of France, Marie de' Medici, commissioned Rubens to paint two large allegorical cycles celebrating her life and the life of her late husband, Henry IV, for the Luxembourg Palace in Paris.
The Marie de' Medici cycle (now in the Louvre) was installed in 1625, and although he began work on the second series it was never completed. Marie was exiled from France in 1630 by her son, Louis XIII."
Rubens was on a secret mission from Duchess Isabelle to do painting for the Queen Mother of France, to win France's friendship for the Netherlands.
The Marie de' Medici Cycle is a series of 24 paintings by Peter Paul Rubens commissioned by Marie de' Medici, widow of Henry IV of France, for the Luxembourg Palace in Paris.
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| Marie de' Medici cycle (series of 24 paintings) - Rubens - oil on canvas - Louvre (Paris) |
(L) The Disembarkation (of Marie de' Medici) at Marseilles
- oil on canvas (394 x 295 cm) 1622-25
(R) The Meeting of Marie de' Medici and Henry IV at Lyons
- oil on canvas (394 x 295 cm) 1621-25
The Coronation of Marie de' Medici in Saint-Denis
- oil on canvas (394 x 727 cm) c.1622-25
The crowned queen consort standing to the middle-left was divorced
as she could not produce an heir for the king.
Also among the Marie de' Medici Cycle:
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| The Apotheosis of Henri IV and the Proclamation of the Regency of Marie de Médicis - Rubens - oil on canvas (394 x 727 cm) c.1622-25 - Louvre Museum (Paris) |
[R] The right side of the panel shows the succession of the new Queen, dressed in solemn clothing suited to a widow. She is framed by a triumphal arch and surrounded by people at the court. The Queen accepts an orb, a symbol of government, from the personification of France while the people kneel before her and this scene is a great example of the exaggeration of facts in the cycle.
Portraits
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Rubens and Isabella Brant, the Honeysuckle Bower
- Rubens
- oil on canvas (178 × 137 cm) c.1609
- Alte Pinakothek, Munich
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After Isabella's death (due to the plaque) in 1626, one of Rubens' models, Helena Fourment (1614-73) married Rubens in 1630, when she was 16 years old and he 53.
Rubens had a workshop of painters to do most of his paintings.
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| The Garden of Love - Rubens - oil on canvas (199 x 286 cm) 1630-35 - Museo del Prado (Madrid) |
(L) Helena Fourment in Wedding Dress
- Workshop of Rubens
- oil on panel (75 x 56 cm) 1630
- Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam)
- Workshop of Rubens
- oil on panel (75 x 56 cm) 1630
- Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam)
(R) Helena Fourment with a Carriage
- Rubens
- oil on canvas (195 x 132 cm) 1639
- Louvre (Paris)
- Rubens
- oil on canvas (195 x 132 cm) 1639
- Louvre (Paris)
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| Portrait of Helena Fourment with Two of Her Children - Rubens - oil on panel (115 x 85 cm) 1635-36 - Louvre Museum (Paris) |
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| The Fur - Rubens - oil on oak (176 × 83 cm) c.1636-38 - Kunsthistorisches Museum (Vienna) |
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| Portrait of Susanna Lunden (elder sister of Helena Fourment) - Rubens - oil on oakwood (79 x 55 cm) 1622-25 - National Gallery (London) |
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| The Three Graces - Rubens - oil on canvas (221 x 181 cm) 1635 - Prado (Madrid) |
(L-R: Chastity, Love, Beauty)
"十五世紀到十八世紀的歐洲，流行的就是這種體態豐腴的女子，象徵着富貴與多產。十九世紀英國畫家伯爾尼瓊斯筆下的《三美神》的女性身材就完全不同，身材適中，而且帶有曲線美。"
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| The Four Philosophers - Rubens - oil on panel (167 × 143 cm) 1611-12 - Pitti Palace (Florence) |
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| Portrait of Marchesa Brigida Spinola-Doria - Rubens - oil (153 x 99 cm) 1606 - National Gallery of Art (Washington) |
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| The Gerbier Family - Rubens - oil on wood (166 x 178 cm) c.1629/40 - National Gallery of Art (Washington) |
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Anthony van Dyck - Rubens - oil on canvas (65 x 50 cm) c.1627–28 - Louvre (Paris) |
Landscapes
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| The Peasants Returning From the Fields - Reubens - oil on panel (121 × 194 cm) 1640 - Galleria Palatina (Florence) |
Biblical Scenes
Adoration of the Magi
- Rubens
- oil on canvas (420 × 320 cm) 1633-34
- King's College Chapel (Cambridge)
- Rubens
- oil on canvas (420 × 320 cm) 1633-34
- King's College Chapel (Cambridge)
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| The Massacre of the Innocents - Rubens - oil on oak (142 x 182 cm) in 1611-12 - Art Gallery of Ontario (Toronto) |
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| The Elevation of the Cross - Rubens - oil on wood (462 × 341 cm) 1610-11 - Cathedral of Our Lady (Antwerp) |
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- Rubens
- oil on panel (420 × 320 cm) 1612-14
- Cathedral of Our Lady (Antwerp)
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which also describes (L) the Visitation and
(R) the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple.
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| The Resurrection of Christ - Rubens - oil on panel (138 x 98 cm, centre panel) 1611-12 - Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekathedraal (Antwerp) |
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Source: Wikipedia
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